Toshiba has overcome this challenge by developing a third‑generation simulated bifurcation (SB) algorithm. This ground-breaking advance builds on the original SB algorithm, announced in April 2019 *1, ...

Determining the least expensive path for a new subway line underneath a metropolis like New York City is a colossal planning challenge—involving thousands of potential routes through hundreds of city ...

This paper develops methods to solve for optimal discretionary policies and optimal commitment policies in rational expectations models. These algorithms, which allow the optimization constraints to ...