Background: Sacral neuromodulation operations have usually been performed based on 2D fluoro images. However, sacral nerve stimulation lead implantation may be challenging when the normal anatomy is ...

What is the anatomy of the spinal cord? The human spinal cord is a cylindrical structure of nerve tissue that is protected by the spinal column and composed of uniformly organized white and grey ...

Study design: Investigation of five patients receiving an implant, using laboratory cystometry and self-catheterisation at home. Objectives: To use the established Finetech-Brindley sacral root ...

Your spinal cord is a glistening white bundle of nerves, which runs from your brain down a canal in your backbone. It's roughly 40cm long and about as wide as your thumb for most of its length.

A network of intersecting nerves is referred to as a nerve plexus. Nerves that serve the same part of the body merge into one large nerve or group of nerves via a plexus. The sacral plexus provides ...

The lateral sacral arteries are among the arteries of the lower back. They have spinal branches, which supply blood to the sacral nerve rootlets, adjacent muscles, meninges, and sacrum. These arteries ...

Epiduroscopic lumbar discectomy through the sacral hiatus is usually done with the patient under sedation and local anaesthesia. The aim is to relieve the pain of sciatica by removing the parts of the ...

The human spine is made up of bones known as vertebrae. These vertebrae are anatomically divided into various regions as cervical (neck region), thoracic (midback), lumbar (lower back), sacral and ...