An engine-dynamometer study was performed to quantify the air-fuel ratio (A/F) offset between the window of a three-way catalyst (TWC) and the closed-loop control point of an exhaust gas oxygen (EGO) ...

A brief physical description of ZrO₂ and TiO₂ exhaust gas oxygen sensors is presented, followed by a comparison of the two sensors operating under actual open-loop and closed-loop conditions on an ...

In the world of automotive tuning, knowledge is horsepower. Gauges, loggers, and sensors galore provide the data to advance performance, solve problems, and prevent expensive engines from experiencing ...

Oxygen is essential for life and a reactive player in many chemical processes. Accordingly, methods that accurately measure oxygen are relevant for numerous industrial and medical applications: They ...

Exhaust gas recirculation is a technique used to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions in both petrol and diesel engines. These 'EGR' systems are used in conjunction with other emissions control devices, ...