Coil spring force line control is an important aspect of spring design for coil-over-shock suspension type applications, such as MacPherson strut and coil-over-shock trailing arm applications, from ...

French carmaker Citroën forever changed the automotive world when it debuted its hydropneumatic suspension system first in the 1954 Traction Avant, and in its more advanced form in the 1955 DS.

Automotive engineers have been using hydraulic dampers on vehicles for close to a century. The basic idea is to move a constriction through an oil volume and use the viscosity of the oil to convert ...

The second-generation Ford GT packs incredible engineering no matter where one's eyes may scan. Be it aerodynamics, engine technology, or the suspension, there's always more than meets the eye. Here, ...

Jeep revolutionized the market when they introduced the XJ Cherokee for the ’84 model year with its five-link coil front suspension. The ZJ Grand Cherokee upped the ante in 1992 with coils front and ...

This file type includes high resolution graphics and schematics when applicable. Proper size and installation extend the life of gas springs and dampers. Gas springs help lift loads or open doors or ...